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Persian Deer Hunting

The Persian fallow deer was first documented by Western science in 1875. It previously occurred in North Africa from the Tunisian border to the Red Sea and in Asia from Syria and Jordan to Iraq and western Iran. By 1951 it was considered to have become extinct, but in 1955 it was found to be surviving in limited numbers in a dense forested region along the Dez and Karkeh Rivers in Iran, near the border with Iraq. In the late 1970's, prior to when disturbances began in the region, this population was reportedly well protected and starting to increase in numbers. In 1987 the status of this population in what was currently a war zone was unknown. Threats and Reasons for Decline:
In the middle of the 20th century, in addition to hunting the remaining population was threatened by habitat loss and disturbance due to firewood gatherers and overgrazing by domestic animals. More recently, fighting between Iran and Iraq provided an additional threat. A pair of Persian fallow deer from Iran finally landed in Israel in the late 1960s. These two were later joined by a number of deer from Kronberg. Finally, it seemed, the dream of bringing the Persian fallow deer back to the forests of the Land of Israel was beginning to come true. Fortunately, they could make use of some very good international connections in order to bolster the tiny local population with the acquisition of additional deer. The Persian fallow deer was hunted to extinction over most of its range, with the introduction of modern firearms having accelerated this process.  Surprisingly enough, reinforcements came from Iran, of all places, just at the time when that country was caught up in the heat of the fundamentalist Islamic revolution of December 1978. The herd was transferred from the Tel Aviv Zoo to the Hai .Bar preserve on Mt. Carmel, where they flourished and multiplied. At first, the deer showed signs of multiplying quite successfully in their new home in the Tel Aviv Zoo. However, serious problems soon arose, and it became clear before long that the herd could not survive without the addition of new animals. The personnel of Israel's Nature Reserves Authority were urgently pressed into action.
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The size of the population is still dangerously small, and the animal easily qualifies to be listed as an endangered species. In fact, this deer is considered to be one of the rarest mammalian species (or subspecies) in the world.In 1996, the ambitious goal of returning the Persian fallow deer to the wild in Israel began to be fulfilled, with the release of the first animals. The worldwide population of Persian fallow deer today numbers a little over 400 individuals. More than half of these animals reside in Israel, in the HaiBar of Mt. Carmel, in the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo, and a number of other locations (see below). The Persian Fallow Deer (Dama mesopotamica) is a ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. It is treated here as its own species, but it is also often described as a subspecies of Fallow Deer and named Dama dama mesopotamica.

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